Principle of Ultrasonic Cleaning

The frequency of the ultrasonic wave is the frequency of the vibration of the sound source. The so-called vibration frequency is the number of reciprocating motions per second, the unit is Hertz, or Hertz for short. Wave is the propagation of vibration, that is, the vibration is transmitted at the original frequency. So the frequency of the wave is the frequency of the vibration of the sound source. Waves can be divided into three types, namely infrasonic waves, acoustic waves, and ultrasonic waves. The frequency of infrasound waves is below 20Hz; the frequency of sound waves is 20Hz~20kHz; the frequency of ultrasonic waves is above 20kHz. Among them, infrasound waves and ultrasound are generally inaudible to human ears. Because of the high frequency and short wavelength, the ultrasonic wave has good transmission direction and strong penetrating ability. This is why the ultrasonic cleaning machine is designed and manufactured.

Basic principle:

The reason why the ultrasonic cleaner can play the role of cleaning dirt is caused by the following: cavitation, acoustic flow, acoustic radiation pressure and acoustic capillary effect.

During the cleaning process, the surface of the dirt will cause the destruction, peeling, separation, emulsification and dissolution of the dirt film on the surface. Different factors have different effects on the washing machine. Ultrasonic cleaners mainly rely on the vibration of cavitation bubbles (unexploded cavitation bubbles) for those dirt that are not too tightly attached. At the edge of the dirt, due to the strong vibration and blasting of the pulsed bubbles, the bonding force between the dirt film and the surface of the object is destroyed, which has the effect of tearing and peeling. Acoustic radiation pressure and acoustic capillary effect promote the infiltration of washing liquid into the tiny recessed surfaces and pores of the object to be cleaned, and the sound flow can accelerate the separation of dirt from the surface. If the adhesion of the dirt to the surface is relatively strong, the micro-shock wave generated by the blasting of the cavitation bubble needs to be used to pull the dirt off the surface.

The ultrasonic cleaning machine mainly uses the “cavitation effect” of the liquid-when the ultrasonic waves radiate in the liquid, the liquid molecules are sometimes stretched and sometimes compressed, forming countless tiny cavities, the so-called “cavitation bubbles”. When the cavitation bubble bursts instantaneously, a local hydraulic shock wave (pressure can be as high as 1000 atmospheres or more) will be generated. Under the continuous impact of this pressure, all kinds of dirt adhering to the surface of the workpiece will be peeled off; at the same time, the ultrasonic wave Under the action, the pulsating stirring of the cleaning liquid is intensified, and the dissolution, dispersion and emulsification are accelerated, thereby cleaning the workpiece.

Cleaning advantages:

a) Good cleaning effect, high cleanliness and uniform cleanliness of all workpieces;

b) The cleaning speed is fast and the production efficiency is improved;

c) There is no need to touch the cleaning liquid with human hands, which is safe and reliable;

d) Deep holes, crevices and hidden parts of the workpiece can also be cleaned;

e) No damage to the surface of the workpiece;

f) Save solvents, heat energy, work space and labor, etc.


Post time: Jun-22-2021